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Planning and development in Detroit includes efforts aimed at enhancing Detroit's economy and quality of life. In 1970, the private group "Detroit Renaissance" began to facilitate development in the city, while its successor, Business Leaders for Michigan, has continued to facilitate development into the 21st century. Projects have included new commercial facilities, revitalization of neighborhoods, hospitality infrastructure, and improvements to recreational and public facilities, such as the M-1 light rail project. ==History== In 1970, Henry Ford II conceived of the Renaissance Center as way to help the city retain residents who were moving to the suburbs. The group announced the first phase of construction in 1971. Detroit Mayor Roman Gribbs touted the project as part of "a complete rebuilding from bridge to bridge," referring to the area between the Ambassador Bridge that connected Detroit to Windsor, Ontario and the MacArthur Bridge, which connects the city with Belle Isle Park. He presented architectural renderings of "linked riverfront parks" from Renaissance Center to MacArthur Bridge, like a necklace, for public access. The first Renaissance Center tower opened on July 1, 1976.〔Detroit News Staff (September 29, 2001). (How the Renaissance Center changed the landscape of Detroit ) Michigan History, ''The Detroit News.'' Retrieved on May 3, 2009.〕 Architects initial design for the Renaissance Center focused on creating secure ''interior spaces'', while its design later expanded to connect with the exterior spaces and waterfront through a reconfigured interior, open glass entryways, and a Wintergarden. Late in 1973, Detroit elected its first African American Mayor, Coleman Young. During his administration major developments completed included, the Renaissance Center, the Joe Louis Arena, the Detroit People Mover, the General Motors Detroit/Hamtramck Assembly Plant, the Detroit Receiving Hospital, the Chrysler Jefferson North Assembly Plant, the Riverfront Condominiums, the Millender Center Apartments, (Harbortown ), 150 West Jefferson, One Detroit Center and the Fox Theater restoration, among other developments. The city's Mayor in the mid-to-late 1990s, Dennis Archer, a former Michigan Supreme Court Justice, supported a plan to add casinos as a catalyst for the development of Detroit. Initially, Archer's plan was for a casino cluster along the east riverfront.〔McWhirter, Cameron and Darren A. Nichols (December 13, 2002). Hurdles will test riverfront vision. ''Detroit News''.〕 Ultimately, three large hotels with attached casinos were constructed in or near Detroit's downtown area: the Greektown Casino Hotel, the MGM Grand Detroit, and the Motor City Casino. In 2007, USA Today reported the State of Michigan gets more than $8.3 million yearly from Detroit's three casinos and that in 2006 Detroit ranked fifth in U.S. casino markets with $1.3 billion in annual revenue.〔Williams, Corey (9-13-2007).(Detroit casinos deal city urban renewal ). Retrieved on December 31, 2008.〕 Archer also championed the construction of two new sports stadiums, Ford Field for the Detroit Lions and Comerica Park for the Detroit Tigers. In June 2007, the (Detroit Riverfront Conservancy ), a 501(c)(3) organization, celebrated the first significant opening of new public space on the Detroit International Riverfront since its inception in early 2003.〔http://www.detroitriverfront.org/east/〕〔http://www.detroitriverfront.org/drc/〕 It has raised hundreds of millions of dollars to develop and manage Detroit's riverfront. The International Riverfront area ranges from the Ambassador Bridge to Belle Isle in downtown Detroit, Michigan encompassing a multitude of parks, restaurants, retail shops, skyscrapers, and high rise residential areas along the Detroit River. In 2009, "Detroit Renaissance" expanded its mission to address this need for regional economic development;〔(History | Business Leaders For Michigan )〕 the successor organization, "(Business Leaders for Michigan )," is a group that gives thousands of dollars to Republican political campaigns〔http://www.followthemoney.org/database/StateGlance/iespender.phtml?ie=6738〕 and is devoted to the creation of a Newt Gingrich supported〔http://www.michiganturnaroundplan.com/supporters.php〕 "(Michigan turnaround plan )"〔(Michigan Turnaround Plan )〕〔(Business Leaders for Michigan )〕 Other participants in area revitalization efforts include the Detroit Riverfront Conservancy,〔(Detroit Renaissance accomplishments ). Retrieved on July 24, 2007.〕 the Detroit Economic Club, the Detroit Club, (Cityscape Detroit ), Universities in the Detroit region, and the (Michigan Economic Development Corporation ) which has offices in the Cadillac Place state office complex in the city's New Center area. In recognition of the city's architecture and historic significance, the National Register of Historic Places lists many of the city's buildings and districts as historic sites which makes available federal historic tax credits for development.〔(CIRE Magazine :: Federal Historic Tax Credit Aids Adaptive Reuse Developers )〕〔(National Historic Preservation Act of 1966 ), Public Law 102-575, ''National Register of Historic Places'', Official site. Retrieved May 12, 2010.〕 State tax historic tax credits are also available for qualified historic preservation.〔http://www.michbar.org/journal/pdf/pdf4article1665.pdf〕〔Bailey, Ruby L (August 22, 2007). The D is a draw: Most suburbanites are repeat visitors.''Detroit Free Press''. New Detroit Free Press-Local 4 poll conducted by Selzer and Co., finds, "nearly two-thirds of residents of suburban Wayne, Oakland, and Macomb counties say they at least occasionally dine, attend cultural events or take in professional games in Detroit." Retrieved on August 22, 2007.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Planning and development in Detroit」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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